Hidden divisions within Sudanese army: Fragility behind the frontlines

As armed conflict continues to ravage Sudan, with its political, ethnic, and military dynamics in constant flux, the situation proves to be far more complex than it appears at first glance.

While the Sudanese army has long positioned itself as the protector of statehood and national unity, it is increasingly confronting deep-rooted structural issues that are now becoming evident on the battlefield.

A recent development that has raised questions within the military is the death of Major General Ihab Youssef Al-Tayeb, commander of the Kordofan mobile units.

Although official statements remain limited, field sources suggest that his death may be linked to tensions within the groups supporting the army. This led to the detention of field commander Abdallah Janna, who is connected to a faction of fighters from the Zaghawa tribe.

The involvement of Zaghawa fighters in the army is not new, but the current situation highlights growing internal tensions. Once seen as an influential group in certain power structures, the Zaghawa now occupy a precarious position within the military.

Despite their involvement in the army, reports suggest that they are still treated as second-class citizens within military ranks and institutions. This situation aligns with past statements from Minni Arko Minnawi, a leading figure among the Zaghawa, who has spoken out about systemic discrimination against non-Arab groups such as the Zaghawa, Masalit, and Fur within the armed forces.

Minnawi has highlighted that these groups are often marked by military intelligence with the code “MFZ,” a label that carries an undertone of mistrust and suspicion, limiting their access to senior positions and decision-making roles.

These emerging internal divisions are further complicated by ongoing violations by army units and Islamist brigades, particularly in Khartoum and Al Jazirah State.

These operations, which have targeted civilian groups of non-Arab descent, have intensified grievances and contributed to growing ethnic divisions within the military and society at large.

In light of these developments, a crucial question arises: Can the Sudanese army maintain its cohesion in an environment where ethnic discrimination and marginalisation persist?

The challenges faced within the ranks may ultimately prove to be as destabilising as the external threats the army is engaged with. The internal fractures within the military could have far-reaching implications, both for the army itself and for Sudan’s future stability.

[By Francis Ahovi: Global Security For Africa Research and Good Governance (GLOSARRG)}