Wananchi Opinion: The pros and cons of making mathematics optional

Mathematics has long been considered a core subject in education systems worldwide, including Kenya.

Under the Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC), the Kenyan education system seeks to offer a more flexible and skills-based approach to learning.

The question of whether mathematics should be an optional subject in senior secondary school remains a contentious debate.

While some argue that compulsory mathematics ensures students develop essential analytical and problem-solving skills, others believe making it optional allows learners to focus on their strengths and interests.

It is important to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of making mathematics an optional subject in Kenya’s senior secondary school CBC curriculum.

Some of the arguments in favour of making mathematics optional include;

Encourages specialization and interest-based learning. One of the key benefits of making mathematics optional is that it allows students to focus on subjects aligned with their career aspirations.

Under the CBC system, students in senior secondary school are expected to choose pathways such as Arts and Sports Science, Social Sciences, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), or Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET).

If a student is interested in a career in journalism, law, or performing arts, making mathematics optional enables them to dedicate more time to subjects relevant to their field, enhancing their competency and passion.

Reduces academic pressure and anxiety. Mathematics is a subject that many students struggle with, often leading to anxiety and low self-esteem.

If mathematics were optional, students who find it extremely difficult could avoid unnecessary stress and focus on subjects they excel in.

This would lead to improved overall academic performance, as students would be motivated to learn subjects, they enjoy without being burdened by compulsory mathematics.

Enhances creativity and innovation. The CBC emphasizes developing students’ talents and innovative thinking.

Making mathematics optional could encourage students to explore creative fields such as music, fine arts, and literature without the rigid requirement of excelling in mathematics.

For example, a student aspiring to be a filmmaker or novelist might benefit more from developing storytelling skills than mastering complex mathematical formulas.

Promotes practical skill development. Not all careers require advanced mathematical skills.

By allowing students to opt out of mathematics, they can focus on acquiring practical skills through vocational training and technical subjects.

Fields such as hospitality, fashion design, and carpentry prioritize hands-on skills over theoretical mathematics.

Making mathematics optional aligns with the CBC’s goal of equipping students with skills directly applicable to the job market.

However, there are those who hold strong opinion against making mathematics optional in senior school;

Mathematics is essential for everyday life. Even for students who do not pursue STEM careers, mathematics plays a vital role in daily activities.

Basic arithmetic is necessary for budgeting, financial literacy, and problem-solving in real-world situations.

Making mathematics optional might result in a generation of individuals who struggle with fundamental calculations, impacting their ability to manage personal finances and navigate the modern economy.

Limits career opportunities. Mathematics is a foundational subject for many career paths, including engineering, medicine, finance, and computer science.

If students opt out of mathematics early, they might find it difficult to qualify for higher education courses that require mathematical proficiency.

This could limit their career choices and reduce their adaptability in the evolving job market.

Weakens critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Mathematics is not just about numbers; it develops logical reasoning, analytical thinking, and problem-solving abilities.

These skills are essential across all disciplines, even in non-STEM fields. If mathematics is made optional, students may miss out on developing these cognitive abilities, which are crucial for decision-making and innovation in various careers.

Reduces competitiveness in the global market. Globally, mathematics is considered a key subject in education systems.

Countries with strong mathematics education tend to produce highly skilled professionals in technology, engineering, and finance.

If Kenya makes mathematics optional, the country might struggle to compete internationally, as students may lack the mathematical skills needed to participate in global industries.

Potential for misguided choices by students. Teenagers may not always make informed decisions about their education.

Some students might choose to avoid mathematics simply because it is difficult, without considering the long-term impact on their career prospects.

If mathematics remains compulsory, it ensures that all students, regardless of their initial interests, have a foundational knowledge that could benefit them in the future.

In summary, the debate over whether mathematics should be optional in Kenya’s senior secondary school CBC curriculum presents valid arguments on both sides.

A possible solution could be to offer different levels of mathematics, ensuring that students who need basic mathematics skills for everyday use can take a simplified course, while those pursuing STEM careers receive advanced instruction.

Ultimately, while flexibility in education is important, mathematics remains a fundamental subject that significantly contributes to an individual’s intellectual and professional growth.

Mr. Abol Kings is a Senior Secondary School teacher in Kenya